非常简单的插件来实现这一点。

仅在激活时运行，因此，如果有5个CSV文件，插件必须激活/停用五次。

文件：

/wp-content/plugins/create-cats-from-csv/create-cats-from-csv.php

<?php
/*
    Plugin Name: Insert CSV Categories
    Version: 1.0
    Description: Reads a CSV file on plugin activation and insert the Categories/Description/Parent into WordPress as defined in the CSV
    Plugin URI: http://wordpress.stackexchange.com/q/57865/12615
    Author: brasofilo 
    Author URI: http://rodbuaiz.com
*/
register_activation_hook(__FILE__, \'wpse_57865_activation_run\');

function wpse_57865_activation_run()
{
    // THE PREG_SPLIT IS NOT ADEQUATE FOR COMPLEX STRINGS
    // Code snippet: http://stackoverflow.com/q/7502370/1287812
    $file = file_get_contents( plugin_dir_path( __FILE__ )  . \'categories.csv\' );
    $data = array_map( "str_getcsv", preg_split( \'/\\r*\\n+|\\r+/\', $file ) );

    if( count($data) < 1)
        return;

    // http://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/wp_insert_category
    foreach( $data as $cat )
    {
        $cat_defaults = array(
          \'cat_name\' => $cat[0],
          \'category_description\' => $cat[1] 
        );

        wp_insert_category($cat_defaults);
    }

}

/wp-content/plugins/create-cats-from-csv/categories.csv

Category Title, Category Description
First Category, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
Second Category, Consectetur adipisicing elit
Third Category, Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua