Yes. You can do. Try using ajax, or better? using wordpress rest api

Ajax method: need register your function and action to do

Simple example:

add_action( \'wp_ajax_my_action\', \'my_action\' );
add_action( \'wp_ajax_nopriv_my_action\', \'my_action\' );

function my_action() {
    return json_encode(\'hello word\');
}

jQuery(document).ready(function() {
    var data = {
        \'action\': \'my_action\'
    };
    jQuery.post(ajax_url, data, function(response) {
        alert(response);
    });
});

More info for ajax: https://codex.wordpress.org/AJAX_in_Plugins

Wordpress rest api: need to register a route

very simple example:

add_action( \'rest_api_init\', function () {
  register_rest_route( \'yourName/v1\', \'/myroute\', array(
    \'methods\' => \'POST\',
    \'callback\' => \'my_function\',
  ) );
} );

function my_function( $data ) {
  return \'Hello World\';
}

jQuery(document).ready(function() {
    jQuery.post(\'/wp-json/yourName/v1/myroute\', function(response) {
        alert(response);
    });
});

More info: https://developer.wordpress.org/rest-api/