将NAV_菜单项的输出转换为树状多维数组

时间:2014-12-02 作者:YemSalat

有没有办法将导航菜单项作为多维数组而不是平面数组来获取?

所谓树状结构,我指的是保留子项和父项之间关系的东西,就像这样(这只是一个示例)…

array(
  array(
    \'post_type\' => \'page\',
    \'post_name\' => \'Home\',
    \'children\' => array() 
  ),
  array(
    \'post_type\' => \'page\',
    \'post_name\' => \'About Us\',
    \'children\' => array(
      array(
        \'post_type\' => \'page\',
        \'post_name\' => \'Our History\',
        \'children\' => array() 
      )
    ) 
  )
)
有一个wp_get_nav_menu_items() 函数,但它返回一个一维数组,其中所有项位于同一级别,这不是我想要的。WordPress是否包含为我的菜单项获取多维数组的内置方法?如果没有,最好的方法是什么wp_get_nav_menu_items() 在性能方面,是否将树状结构转换为多维数组?

4 个回复
最合适的回答,由SO网友:birgire 整理而成

解决了从平面阵列构建树的问题here 使用此稍加修改的递归解决方案:

/**
 * Modification of "Build a tree from a flat array in PHP"
 *
 * Authors: @DSkinner, @ImmortalFirefly and @SteveEdson
 *
 * @link https://stackoverflow.com/a/28429487/2078474
 */
function buildTree( array &$elements, $parentId = 0 )
{
    $branch = array();
    foreach ( $elements as &$element )
    {
        if ( $element->menu_item_parent == $parentId )
        {
            $children = buildTree( $elements, $element->ID );
            if ( $children )
                $element->wpse_children = $children;

            $branch[$element->ID] = $element;
            unset( $element );
        }
    }
    return $branch;
}
在这里我们添加了前缀wpse_children 属性以避免名称冲突。

现在,我们只需定义一个简单的助手函数:

/**
 * Transform a navigational menu to it\'s tree structure
 *
 * @uses  buildTree()
 * @uses  wp_get_nav_menu_items()
 *
 * @param  String     $menud_id 
 * @return Array|null $tree 
 */
function wpse_nav_menu_2_tree( $menu_id )
{
    $items = wp_get_nav_menu_items( $menu_id );
    return  $items ? buildTree( $items, 0 ) : null;
}
现在,将导航菜单转换为其树状结构变得非常简单:

$tree = wpse_nav_menu_2_tree( \'my_menu\' );  // <-- Modify this to your needs!
print_r( $tree );
对于JSON,我们可以简单地使用:

$json = json_encode( $tree );
对于一个稍微不同的版本,我们在其中手工挑选了属性,请查看此答案的第一次修订here.

更新:Walker类这里有一个相当粗略的想法,我们可以尝试连接到display_element() 摘要方法Walker

$w = new WPSE_Nav_Menu_Tree;
$args = (object) [ \'items_wrap\' => \'\', \'depth\' => 0, \'walker\' => $w ];
$items = wp_get_nav_menu_items( \'my_menu\' );
walk_nav_menu_tree( $items, $args->depth, $args );
print_r( $w->branch );  
在哪里WPSE_Nav_Menu_TreeWalker_Nav_Menu 类别:

class WPSE_Nav_Menu_Tree extends Walker_Nav_Menu
{
   public $branch = [];

   public function display_element($element, &$children, $max_depth, $depth = 0, $args, &$output )
   {
      if( 0 == $depth )
         $this->branch[$element->ID] = $element;

      if ( isset($children[$element->ID] ) )
         $element->wpse_children = $children[$element->ID];

      parent::display_element($element, $children, $max_depth, $depth, $args, $output);
   }
}
如果可行的话,这可能会给我们提供另一种方法。

SO网友:Nicolai Grossherr

简而言之,bellow函数通过将子对象放入父对象内的新子属性来创建对象树。

代码:

function wpse170033_nav_menu_object_tree( $nav_menu_items_array ) {
    foreach ( $nav_menu_items_array as $key => $value ) {
        $value->children = array();
        $nav_menu_items_array[ $key ] = $value;
    }

    $nav_menu_levels = array();
    $index = 0;
    if ( ! empty( $nav_menu_items_array ) ) do {
        if ( $index == 0 ) {
            foreach ( $nav_menu_items_array as $key => $obj ) {
                if ( $obj->menu_item_parent == 0 ) {
                    $nav_menu_levels[ $index ][] = $obj;
                    unset( $nav_menu_items_array[ $key ] );
                }
            }
        } else {
            foreach ( $nav_menu_items_array as $key => $obj ) {
                if ( in_array( $obj->menu_item_parent, $last_level_ids ) ) {
                    $nav_menu_levels[ $index ][] = $obj;
                    unset( $nav_menu_items_array[ $key ] );
                }
            }
        }
        $last_level_ids = wp_list_pluck( $nav_menu_levels[ $index ], \'db_id\' );
        $index++;
    } while ( ! empty( $nav_menu_items_array ) );

    $nav_menu_levels_reverse = array_reverse( $nav_menu_levels );

    $nav_menu_tree_build = array();
    $index = 0;
    if ( ! empty( $nav_menu_levels_reverse ) ) do {
        if ( count( $nav_menu_levels_reverse ) == 1 ) {
            $nav_menu_tree_build = $nav_menu_levels_reverse;
        }
        $current_level = array_shift( $nav_menu_levels_reverse );
        if ( isset( $nav_menu_levels_reverse[ $index ] ) ) {
            $next_level = $nav_menu_levels_reverse[ $index ];
            foreach ( $next_level as $nkey => $nval ) {
                foreach ( $current_level as $ckey => $cval ) {
                    if ( $nval->db_id == $cval->menu_item_parent ) {
                        $nval->children[] = $cval;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    } while ( ! empty( $nav_menu_levels_reverse ) );

    $nav_menu_object_tree = $nav_menu_tree_build[ 0 ];
    return $nav_menu_object_tree;
}
用法:
$nav_menu_items = wp_get_nav_menu_items( \'main-menu\' );
wpse170033_nav_menu_object_tree( $nav_menu_items );
输出:
Array
(
 [0] => WP_Post Object
  (
   [ID] => 51
   [post_author] => 1
   [post_date] => 2015-06-26 21:13:23
   [post_date_gmt] => 2015-06-26 19:13:23
   [post_content] => 
   [post_title] => 
   [post_excerpt] => 
   [post_status] => publish
   [comment_status] => open
   [ping_status] => open
   [post_password] => 
   [post_name] => 51
   [to_ping] => 
   [pinged] => 
   [post_modified] => 2015-07-29 20:55:10
   [post_modified_gmt] => 2015-07-29 18:55:10
   [post_content_filtered] => 
   [post_parent] => 0
   [guid] => http://example.com/?p=51
   [menu_order] => 1
   [post_type] => nav_menu_item
   [post_mime_type] => 
   [comment_count] => 0
   [filter] => raw
   [db_id] => 51
   [menu_item_parent] => 0
   [object_id] => 2
   [object] => page
   [type] => post_type
   [type_label] => Page
   [url] => http://example.com/example-page/
   [title] => Example-Page-1
   [target] => 
   [attr_title] => 
   [description] => 
   [classes] => Array
    (
     [0] => 
    )
   [xfn] => 
   [children] => Array
    (
     [0] => WP_Post Object
      (
       [ID] => 80
       [post_author] => 1
       [post_date] => 2015-06-27 14:03:31
       [post_date_gmt] => 2015-06-27 12:03:31
       [post_content] => 
       [post_title] => 
       [post_excerpt] => 
       [post_status] => publish
       [comment_status] => open
       [ping_status] => open
       [post_password] => 
       [post_name] => 80
       [to_ping] => 
       [pinged] => 
       [post_modified] => 2015-07-29 20:55:10
       [post_modified_gmt] => 2015-07-29 18:55:10
       [post_content_filtered] => 
       [post_parent] => 2
       [guid] => http://example.com/?p=80
       [menu_order] => 2
       [post_type] => nav_menu_item
       [post_mime_type] => 
       [comment_count] => 0
       [filter] => raw
       [db_id] => 80
       [menu_item_parent] => 51
       [object_id] => 69
       [object] => page
       [type] => post_type
       [type_label] => Page
       [url] => http://example.com/example-page/subpage-1/
       [title] => Subpage-1
       [target] => 
       [attr_title] => 
       [description] => 
       [classes] => Array
        (
         [0] => 
        )
       [xfn] => 
       [children] => Array
        (
        )
      )
    )
  )
 [1] => WP_Post Object
  (
   [ID] => 49
   [post_author] => 1
   [post_date] => 2015-06-26 21:13:23
   [post_date_gmt] => 2015-06-26 19:13:23
   [post_content] => 
   [post_title] => 
   [post_excerpt] => 
   [post_status] => publish
   [comment_status] => open
   [ping_status] => open
   [post_password] => 
   [post_name] => 49
   [to_ping] => 
   [pinged] => 
   [post_modified] => 2015-07-29 20:55:10
   [post_modified_gmt] => 2015-07-29 18:55:10
   [post_content_filtered] => 
   [post_parent] => 0
   [guid] => http://example.com/?p=49
   [menu_order] => 3
   [post_type] => nav_menu_item
   [post_mime_type] => 
   [comment_count] => 0
   [filter] => raw
   [db_id] => 49
   [menu_item_parent] => 0
   [object_id] => 41
   [object] => page
   [type] => post_type
   [type_label] => Page
   [url] => http://example.com/example-page-2/
   [title] => Example-Page-2
   [target] => 
   [attr_title] => 
   [description] => 
   [classes] => Array
    (
     [0] => 
    )
   [xfn] => 
   [children] => Array
    (
    )
  )
 [2] => WP_Post Object
  (
   [ID] => 48
   [post_author] => 1
   [post_date] => 2015-06-26 21:13:23
   [post_date_gmt] => 2015-06-26 19:13:23
   [post_content] => 
   [post_title] => 
   [post_excerpt] => 
   [post_status] => publish
   [comment_status] => open
   [ping_status] => open
   [post_password] => 
   [post_name] => 48
   [to_ping] => 
   [pinged] => 
   [post_modified] => 2015-07-29 20:55:10
   [post_modified_gmt] => 2015-07-29 18:55:10
   [post_content_filtered] => 
   [post_parent] => 0
   [guid] => http://example.com/?p=48
   [menu_order] => 4
   [post_type] => nav_menu_item
   [post_mime_type] => 
   [comment_count] => 0
   [filter] => raw
   [db_id] => 48
   [menu_item_parent] => 0
   [object_id] => 42
   [object] => page
   [type] => post_type
   [type_label] => Page
   [url] => http://example.com/example-page-3/
   [title] => Example-Page-3
   [target] => 
   [attr_title] => 
   [description] => 
   [classes] => Array
    (
     [0] => 
    )
   [xfn] => 
   [children] => Array
    (
     [0] => WP_Post Object
      (
       [ID] => 79
       [post_author] => 1
       [post_date] => 2015-06-27 14:03:31
       [post_date_gmt] => 2015-06-27 12:03:31
       [post_content] => 
       [post_title] => 
       [post_excerpt] => 
       [post_status] => publish
       [comment_status] => open
       [ping_status] => open
       [post_password] => 
       [post_name] => 79
       [to_ping] => 
       [pinged] => 
       [post_modified] => 2015-07-29 20:55:10
       [post_modified_gmt] => 2015-07-29 18:55:10
       [post_content_filtered] => 
       [post_parent] => 42
       [guid] => http://example.com/?p=79
       [menu_order] => 5
       [post_type] => nav_menu_item
       [post_mime_type] => 
       [comment_count] => 0
       [filter] => raw
       [db_id] => 79
       [menu_item_parent] => 48
       [object_id] => 70
       [object] => page
       [type] => post_type
       [type_label] => Page
       [url] => http://example.com/example-page-3/subpage-2/
       [title] => Subpage-2
       [target] => 
       [attr_title] => 
       [description] => 
       [classes] => Array
        (
         [0] => 
        )
       [xfn] => 
       [children] => Array
        (
         [0] => WP_Post Object
          (
           [ID] => 78
           [post_author] => 1
           [post_date] => 2015-06-27 14:03:31
           [post_date_gmt] => 2015-06-27 12:03:31
           [post_content] => 
           [post_title] => 
           [post_excerpt] => 
           [post_status] => publish
           [comment_status] => open
           [ping_status] => open
           [post_password] => 
           [post_name] => 78
           [to_ping] => 
           [pinged] => 
           [post_modified] => 2015-07-29 20:55:10
           [post_modified_gmt] => 2015-07-29 18:55:10
           [post_content_filtered] => 
           [post_parent] => 70
           [guid] => http://example.com/?p=78
           [menu_order] => 6
           [post_type] => nav_menu_item
           [post_mime_type] => 
           [comment_count] => 0
           [filter] => raw
           [db_id] => 78
           [menu_item_parent] => 79
           [object_id] => 76
           [object] => page
           [type] => post_type
           [type_label] => Page
           [url] => http://example.com/example-page-3/subpage-2/subpage-3/
           [title] => Subpage-3
           [target] => 
           [attr_title] => 
           [description] => 
           [classes] => Array
            (
             [0] => 
            )
           [xfn] => 
           [children] => Array
            (
             [0] => WP_Post Object
              (
               [ID] => 87
               [post_author] => 1
               [post_date] => 2015-06-27 15:27:08
               [post_date_gmt] => 2015-06-27 13:27:08
               [post_content] => 
               [post_title] => 
               [post_excerpt] => 
               [post_status] => publish
               [comment_status] => open
               [ping_status] => open
               [post_password] => 
               [post_name] => 87
               [to_ping] => 
               [pinged] => 
               [post_modified] => 2015-07-29 20:55:10
               [post_modified_gmt] => 2015-07-29 18:55:10
               [post_content_filtered] => 
               [post_parent] => 76
               [guid] => http://example.com/?p=87
               [menu_order] => 7
               [post_type] => nav_menu_item
               [post_mime_type] => 
               [comment_count] => 0
               [filter] => raw
               [db_id] => 87
               [menu_item_parent] => 78
               [object_id] => 85
               [object] => page
               [type] => post_type
               [type_label] => Page
               [url] => http://example.com/example-page-3/subpage-2/subpage-3/subpage-4/
               [title] => Subpage-4
               [target] => 
               [attr_title] => 
               [description] => 
               [classes] => Array
                (
                 [0] => 
                )
               [xfn] => 
               [children] => Array
                (
                 [0] => WP_Post Object
                  (
                   [ID] => 366
                   [post_author] => 1
                   [post_date] => 2015-07-29 20:52:46
                   [post_date_gmt] => 2015-07-29 18:52:46
                   [post_content] => 
                   [post_title] => 
                   [post_excerpt] => 
                   [post_status] => publish
                   [comment_status] => open
                   [ping_status] => open
                   [post_password] => 
                   [post_name] => 366
                   [to_ping] => 
                   [pinged] => 
                   [post_modified] => 2015-07-29 20:55:10
                   [post_modified_gmt] => 2015-07-29 18:55:10
                   [post_content_filtered] => 
                   [post_parent] => 85
                   [guid] => http://example.com/?p=366
                   [menu_order] => 8
                   [post_type] => nav_menu_item
                   [post_mime_type] => 
                   [comment_count] => 0
                   [filter] => raw
                   [db_id] => 366
                   [menu_item_parent] => 87
                   [object_id] => 112
                   [object] => page
                   [type] => post_type
                   [type_label] => Page
                   [url] => http://example.com/example-page-3/subpage-2/subpage-3/subpage-4/subpage-5/
                   [title] => Subpage-5
                   [target] => 
                   [attr_title] => 
                   [description] => 
                   [classes] => Array
                    (
                     [0] => 
                    )
                   [xfn] => 
                   [children] => Array
                    (
                    )
                  )
                )
              )
            )
          )
        )
      )
    )
  )
)

SO网友:eballeste

已接受答案的修改版本,其中考虑了menu_order 属性,以保持原始平面阵列的正确顺序。menu_order 由WordPress自动设置,因此无需检查任何内容:

function buildTree(array &$flatNav, $parentId = 0) {
    $branch = [];

    foreach ($flatNav as &$navItem) {
      if($navItem->menu_item_parent == $parentId) {
        $children = buildTree($flatNav, $navItem->ID);
        if($children) {
          $navItem->children = $children;
        }

        $branch[$navItem->menu_order] = $navItem;
        unset($navItem);
      }
    }

    return $branch;
}

Usage:

// get navs
$locations = get_nav_menu_locations();

// get menu items by menu name
$flatMainNav = wp_get_nav_menu_items($locations[\'main\']);
$mainNav = buildTree($flatMainNav);

SO网友:Matt van Andel

这里可能对WordPress nav菜单项是树状结构存在误解。

Tree-like structures in WordPress ARE NOT MULTIDIMENSIONAL ARRAYS!

请注意,虽然返回的菜单项数组是平面的,但它仍然是一个树状结构,因为每个项都包含有关其父项的信息(如果该项没有父项,则父项值为0;如果有父项,则父项的id为0)。

当您将这样的数组传递给Walker 类,它循环遍历结果并创建两个数组—一个包含顶级项,另一个包含格式为的子项$parent_id => array() 其中,数组包含作为该元素直接子元素的菜单项。

然后,walker遍历顶级项目数组,处理该项目,然后检查子数组以查看当前元素是否有子元素,并以相同的方式递归处理每个子元素。

如果您想知道如何将类似WordPress树的结构转换为多维数组,这是一个完全不同的问题(从技术上讲,这不是WordPress问题)。但返回的信息wp_get_nav_menu_items() is 树状结构。。。您可以使用Walker 照原样处理。

如果您想查看WordPress的Walker类运行以遍历数组的确切代码,take a look at Walker->walk() on WordPress Trac from lines 213-258. 您可以按原样使用该代码来构建多维数组,如果这是您想要的。

Walkers

WordPress旨在使用Walker 类来处理它的树状结构。如果您只是简单地呈现菜单,或者确实只需要最终输出,那么您可能需要考虑使用wp_nav_menu() 要输出菜单…

示例:

wp_nav_menu(array(
    \'menu\' => 6, // your menu id, name, or slug
    \'echo\' => true, // set this to false if you want a string back instead
    \'walker\' => new Your_Walker(),
));
您可以扩展Walker类(例如。Your_Walker()) 获得所需的任何输出。例如,see this entry on the Codex.

结束

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