@Milo的代码是一个很好的基线，但我遇到了两个问题：

它依赖于外观下指定的菜单名称→ 菜单。如果此名称发生更改，还需要在主题文件中进行更新我已经更新了代码，并进行了以下改进：

添加了另一个助手函数，该函数根据提供的位置检索菜单名称。这将阻止我列出的第一个问题

/**
 * Retrieve a menu title from the database given the location the menu is assigned to
 *
 * @param string $location  Menu location
 *
 * @return string  The name of the menu
 */
function wpse324751_get_menu_title(string $location): string {
    $menu_name = "";

    $locations = get_nav_menu_locations();

    if (isset($locations[$location]) && $menu = get_term($locations[$location], "nav_menu")) {
        $menu_name = $menu->name;
    }

    return $menu_name;
}

/**
 * Filter through an array of menu items to locate one specific item
 *
 * @param string $field
 * @param integer $object_id
 * @param array $items
 * @return WP_Post|bool
 */
function wpse324751_get_menu_item(string $field, int $object_id, array $items) {
    foreach ($items as $item) {
        if (intval($item->$field) === $object_id) return $item;
    }

    return false;
}

/**
 * Display breadcrumbs based on a given menu
 *
 * @param string $menu_location
 * @param string $separator
 * @param string $class
 * @return string
 */
function wpse324751_nav_menu_breadcrumbs(string $menu_location, string $separator = "›", string $class = ""): string {
    /**
     * Locate all menu items of the provided menu
     */
    $items = wp_get_nav_menu_items(wpse324751_get_menu_title($menu_location));

    /**
     * If no items exist, return empty
     */
    if ($items === false) {
        trigger_error("A menu at location \'" . sanitize_text_field($menu_location) . "\' could not be located.", E_USER_WARNING);
        return "";
    }

    /**
     * Locate the menu item for the viewed page
     */
    $item = wpse324751_get_menu_item("object_id", get_queried_object_id(), $items);

    /**
     * If no viewed item could be located, return empty
     */
    if ($item === false){
        return "";
    }

    /**
     * Store an array of items to construct the breadcrumb
     */
    $menu_item_objects = [$item];

    /**
     * Locate all parents of the viewed item
     */
    while (intval($item->menu_item_parent) !== 0) {
        $item = wpse324751_get_menu_item("ID", $item->menu_item_parent, $items);
        $menu_item_objects[] = $item;
    }

    /**
     * Initialize array to store breadcrumbs
     */
    $breadcrumbs = [];

    /**
     * Convert menu items to links and store them in the array
     */
    foreach($menu_item_objects as $menu_item) {
        $breadcrumbs[] = sprintf("<a class=\'text__link link\' href=\'%s\'>%s</a>", $menu_item->url, $menu_item->title);
    }

    /**
     * Return the breadcrumbs
     */
    return "<p class=\'" . esc_attr(trim("text {$class}")) . "\'>" . join(" {$separator} ", array_reverse($breadcrumbs)) . "</p>";
}